The
contents of this page are
from "ELEMENTS OF FRASCA ROTARY ENGINE DESIGN"*
*Copyright © 1998 by Joseph F. Frasca
FRASCA ROTARY ENGINE (FRE)
CHARACTERISTICS.
Unlike
most internal
combustion engines, FRE do not have intake and exhaust valve
systems;
i.e. FRE do not have intake
and exhaust
valves, timing chains, camshafts, valve springs, etc. and the engine
structural
support elements required for their function.
The fresh air intake pathway in
the 4-cycle
FRE and the high pressure intake pathway(s) in the 2-cycle FRE is
always
unobstructed and direct to the VVC (working chambers) in the engine's
annular
cavity intake regions.
The FRE exhaust gas pathway(s)
extend from
the VVC in the exhaust region(s) of the [engine's] annular cavity to
outside
the engine and are also always unobstructed.
The complex ignition systems
required in other
internal combustion engines types are not needed in FRE;
i.e. FRE do not need a
multitude of
ignitor plugs, coils, complex ignition wiring, distributors,
distributor
drive elements, and the structural support configurations required for
their function.
Only a primitive ignitor is
require to initiate
combustion in the FRE.
Once initiated, combustion is
self perpetuating
in a FRE.
Combustion is initiated in each
FRE VVC (working
chamber) as soon as injected fuel is available.
The flow of combustion involved
hot gases under
pressure through the gap at the partition separating the VVC being fuel
injected from its combustion involved neighbor VVC effects the ignition
of the injected fuel.
Fuel is supplied to the FRE VVC
by relatively
simple throttle controlled steady flow injection.
Both liquid and gas fuels may
be used to fire
FRE.
Instead of using a complex high
pressure sequential
fuel injection system with high pressure metering and injection
subassemblies
and injectors at each working chambers typical to other engine, the FRE
has fuel injected into the its VVC (working chambers) via a steady flow
through a single injector nozzle (set) located in the rotor.
As each VVC traverses the fuel
injector's rotor
location it intercepts the injector's steady fuel stream.
This continuous fuel injection
characteristic
of the FRE permits the vaporization of liquid fuels by exhaust gas heat
prior to injection so that the liquid fuel enters the VVC as high
pressure
combustible vapor.
This type of liquid fuel
handling system eliminates
the very high liquid fuel injection pressures required in other fuel
injector
systems to attain proper fuel droplet size for proper combustion.
There are no wiping (wiping
abutments) or fixed
seals between the relatively moving parts of FRE working chambers (the
VVC);
i.e. A FRE does not have
wiping and
sealing abutments (e.g. piston rings, valve seats and keeps) in the
environment
extremes of temperature and pressure required in other internal
combustion
engines.
The FRE has no need for
pressure rings, oil
barrier rings, valve to valve seat sealing, valve keeps, etc. or their
supporting engine structures.
Therefore, parts wear, inter
part heat transfer
and mechanical stresses are greatly reduced in FRE.
The lack of wiping abutments in
the FRE also
permits a less expensive use of high temperature engineered ceramic
materials.
Machining tolerances are larger
and the use
of ceramic materials permits higher and more efficient engine operating
temperatures.
For the environmental agency
regulation constrained
engine designer, most FRE designs can accommodate fresh air purging
intake(s).
The purging air intake is used
to supply sufficient
air to the VVC in the annular cavity exhaust region(s) to complete
combustion
of the exhaust gases during their purge, to eliminate residual exhaust
gases in the VVC and to cool the VVC.
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